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What is Internet?
The internet is a global
network of many different computers that communicate using a common
language. It is similar to the international telephone network - no one
owns or controls the entire system, but it is connected in such a way that
it works like one large network.
How the Internet Began
The genesis of the internet
can be traced back to 1969, when the Advanced Research Projects agency
funded by the US Department of Defense conducted research on networking.
During 1960s and 1970s a variety of computer networking technologies were
created, each based in a particular hardware design. some of these
networks called local area networks (LANs), connect computers over a short
distance using cables and hardware installed in each computer. Other
larger networks called wide Area Networks (WANs), connect many computers
over greater distances using transmission lines similar to those used in
the telephone system.
Protocols
A shared center of roots and
standards that specifies how data is to be transmitted example TCP/IP.
TCP/IP (Transmission
control Protocol and Internet Protocol)
TCP/IP is the communication protocol
used to transmit information from computer to computer and from network to
network. It contains two components TCP and IP.
TCP - Governs the breakup of data messages into packets to be send
via IP as well as reassembly and verification of the complete messages
from packet received by IP.
IP - Breaks up data and places it into software packets that can
move across the network.
Servers and Clients
Server - A computer or computer program that offers a service
to other computers on the network by responding to the commands sent by a
client computer.
Client - A computer or computer program that
requests and accesses shared network resources or services from a server
computer.
What is on the internet?
Email - Lets you exchange text and
computer files with anyone on the internet who has an email address.
Chat - Enables real time conversation between
two or more people connected to the internet at the same time.
World Wide Web - Is the global set of
interconnected Hypertext Documents and Files residing on Web Servers all
over the world.
File Transfer Protocol - Lets users transfer
files from one computer to another.
Usenet Newsgroups - Is a World Wide network
of UNIX systems that is used as a bulletin board system by special
interest discussion groups.
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